清晰无水印大图,请点击浏览,转自美国史密斯基金会。
Portrait of Tsereng (d. 1750)
1644-1911
Qing dynasty
Ink and colors on silk
H: 144.0 W: 83.0 cm
China
Purchase -- Smithsonian Collections Acquisition Program, and partial gift of Richard G. Pritzlaff, S1991.62
Married to one of the daughters of the Kangzi emperor (reigned
1662-1722), Tsereng concluded a border treaty between the Qing empire
and Russia. The tilt of his hat is inexplicable; the exceedingly long
feet are also anomalous. Many sketch lines, such as the one for a
peacock feather near the cap, are visible. This portrait may have been
a rejected sketch.
策棱,博尔济吉特氏,蒙古喀尔喀部人。元太祖十八世孙图蒙肯,号班珠尔,兴黄教,西藏达赖喇嘛贤之,号曰赛音诺颜。其第八子丹津生纳木扎勒,纳木扎勒生策棱。康熙三十一年,丹津妻格楚勒哈屯自塔密尔携策棱及其弟恭格喇布坦来归,圣祖授策棱三等阿达哈哈番,赐居京师,命入内廷教养。四十五年,尚圣祖女和硕纯悫公主,授和硕额驸。寻赐贝子品级,诏携所属归牧塔密尔。五十四年,命赴推河从军,出北路防御策妄阿喇布坦。五十九年,师征准噶尔,策棱从振武将军傅尔丹出布拉罕,至格尔额尔格,屡破准噶尔,获其宰桑贝坤等百馀人,俘馘甚众。战乌兰呼济尔,焚敌粮。师还,道遇准噶尔援兵,复击败之,授扎萨克。
策棱生长漠外,从军久,习知山川险易。愤喀尔喀为准噶尔凌藉,锐自磨厉,练猛士千,隶帐下为亲兵。又以敌善驰突而喀尔喀无纪律节制,每游猎及止而驻军,皆以兵法部勒之,居常钦钦如临大敌。由是赛音诺颜一军雄漠北。
雍正元年,世宗特诏封多罗郡王。二年,入觐,命偕同族亲王丹津多尔济驻阿尔泰,并授副将军,诏策棱用正黄旗纛。五年,偕内大臣四格等赴楚库河,与俄罗斯使萨瓦立石定界,事毕,陈兵鸣砲谢天,议罪当削爵,上命改罚俸。九年,从靖边大将军顺承郡王锡保讨噶尔丹策零,侦贼自和通呼尔哈诺尔窥图垒、茂海、奎素诸界,偕翁牛特部贝子罗卜藏等分兵击卻之。准噶尔诸酋有大策零敦多卜、小策零敦多卜,皆噶尔丹策零同族,最用事。噶尔丹策零遣大策零敦多卜将三万人入掠喀尔喀,闻锡保驻察罕廋尔,振武将军傅尔丹军科布多,乃遣其将海伦曼济等将六千人取道阿尔泰迤东,分扰克鲁伦及鄂尔海喀喇乌苏,留馀众於苏克阿勒达呼为声援。策棱偕丹津多尔济迎击,至鄂登楚勒,遣台吉巴海将六百人宵入敌营,诱之出追,伏兵突击,斩其骁将,馀众惊溃,大策零敦多卜及海伦曼济等遁去。诏进封和硕亲王,赐白金万。寻授喀尔喀大扎萨克。
十年六月,噶尔丹策零遣小策零敦多卜将三万人自奇兰至额尔德毕喇色钦,策棱偕将军塔尔岱青御於本博图山。未至,准噶尔掠克尔森齐老,分兵袭塔密尔,掠策棱二子及牲畜以去。策棱不及援,侍郎绰尔铎以转饷至,语策棱曰:“王速率兵遏敌归路,当大破敌。” 策棱还军驰击,距敌二日程。初,招丹津多尔济赴援,不至。准噶尔兵趋额尔德尼昭,八月,策棱率兵追敌,十馀战,敌屡败。小策零敦多卜据杭爱山麓,逼鄂尔坤河而阵;策棱令满洲兵阵河南,而率万人伏山侧,蒙古诸军阵河北,遂战。敌见满洲兵背水阵,兵甚弱,意轻之,越险进。满洲兵卻走,准噶尔兵逐之,策棱伏起自山下,如风雨至,斩万馀级,谷中尸为满,获牲畜、器械无算。小策零敦多卜以馀众渡河,蒙古兵待其半渡击之,多入水死,河流尽赤。锡保驰疏告捷,首表策棱功,上嘉悦,赐号超勇,锡黄带。谕:“此次军功非寻常劳绩可比,随征兵弁,著从优加倍议叙。”上以策棱牧地被寇,赉马二千、牛千、羊五千、白金五万,赈所属失业者,并命城塔密尔,建第居之。十二月,进固伦额驸,时纯悫公主已薨,追赠固伦长公主。——《清史稿·策凌列传》